Artificial dental
cement
Dental cements biomaterials are widely used in dentistry. Their training is
based on the chemical hardness (acid-base reactions) between two materials,
usually a powder (acid) and a liquid (base) in an aqueous medium. The
properties of each type of cement will vary according to their individual
components and their various preparations.
These biomaterials are frequently used in dentistry for:
Protection dentin-pulp
Cementing temporary and permanent
Temporary and permanent restoration
Cementing surgical wound protection
Bases: dental cements.
Are generally used for this purpose:
Glass ionomer cement
Zinc Phosphate Cement
Zinc oxide eugenol cement
Calcium hydroxide cement
Cementing temporary and permanent
Luting cements used to cement endodontic temporary and include:
Zinc oxide eugenol cement
Calcium hydroxide cement.
What is dental cement?
Dental cement is a special bone tissue, without
irrigation and innervation. It is composed by 55% calcium hydroxyapatite and
45% water. Its use is restricted to the root of the tooth and its apical
region. This region is called cement cell. The coronal region of the cement and
no cementocyte called acellular cement.
The collagen fibers of periodontal ligament (Sharpey fibers) are embedded in
cement and bind the socket, setting the tooth to the alveolus. The cement can
be reabsorbed by the cells of osteoclast type. This process is observed in the
exfoliation (decidual teeth fall).
The conditions are
ideal for these biomaterials - biological (biocompatibility, inhibition of
bacteria) - Mechanical (compressive strength, surface hardness) -
Physical-Chemical (marginal decrease in infiltration, reduced infiltration of
ion, decreased drainage, and heat transfer electrical neutralization of acid
and fluoride release)
Dentin-pulp protection
The materials used primarily for the protection of the dentin-pulp organ are:
Varnishes are the solution of a natural or synthetic resin dissolved in an
organic solvent such as acetone, ether or chloroform. Today its use has been
declining increasingly emerging and with better results and minor
disadvantages.
Linings cavities (liners): Suspensions of an oxide or hydroxide in an organic
solvent varnishes and lining cavities were used to reduce the passage of toxic materials
for restoration through the dentinal ductule
and "reduce "microleakage.
Cements are used for permanent cementation:
Glass ionomer cement
Zinc Phosphate Cement
Temporary and permanent restoration
Cements used for temporary restoration are:
Zinc oxide eugenol cement
Glass ionomer cement
Zinc Phosphate Cement
The cement used for the final restoration is generally:
Glass ionomer cement type II Mount
